ScientificFarmingWeb

Which is one of the serious pests of Guava and how it can be managed?

Guava

Fruit flies are the common and serious pest of the Guava. The flies lay eggs on the surface of Guava fruits at the color break stage. On hatching, the maggot enters into the guava fruit and feeds on soft pulp. When guava fruits are cut open the white maggots are seen in the flesh. It can be managed by the clean cultivation or sanitation of orchard is important to reduce/ check fruit infestation of fruit flies. Collect and dump deep in the pit the fallen infested guava fruits. Daily cover the fruit with soil and do not leave the pit uncovered for long. Avoid taking rainy season crop.  Give two sprays of thiodan 35EC (endosulphan) 2 ml/liter or seven 50 WP (carbaryl) 2g/liter, one before maturity and second at maturity. No spray should be given at the ripening stage during the harvesting of fruit.

What is the serious disease of Mango and how it can be controlled?

Mango

The one of the serious diseases of mango is Die back. The disease on the tree can be noticed at any time of the year but it is most conspicuous during October-November. The disease is characterized by drying of twigs and branches followed by complete defoliation, which gives the mango tree an appearance of scorching by fire. Initially, it is evident outward along the veins of plant leaves. The affected leaf turns brown color and its margins roll upwards. This can be accompanied by the exudation of yellowish-brown gum.

It can be controlled by the pruning of the diseased twigs 2 to 3 inches below the affected portion and spraying Copper Oxychloride (0.3%). On infected trees control the disease. The cut ends of the pruned twigs are pasted with Copper Oxychloride about 0.3%.

How mango hopper causes damage and how it can be controlled?

mango

Hoppers are mainly considered as the most serious and widespread pest throughout the country. A large number of nymphs and adult insects’ puncture and suck the sap of tender parts, thereby reducing the vigor of the mango plants. Heavy puncturing and also continuous draining of the sap causes curling and drying of the infected tissue.

It can be controlled by three sprays of about 0.15 % carbaryl or 0.04 Monocrotophos or 0.05 % Phosphamidon or 0.05% Methyl Parathion are effective in controlling the hoppers. The first must be given at the early stage of panicle formation. The second spray at the full-length stage of panicles but before full bloom and then, the third spray after the fruit set at the pea size stage is recommended.

How Integrated pest and disease management is followed in Ginger?

disease

Soil application of Biocontrol agents like T. harzianum and P. flourescence during planting time by 2-5% gives effective control of the diseases. Use good quality rhizome for sowing, disease free seeds from the disease-free area. Before sowing, treat the rhizome in hot water and again in a solution of Bordeaux mixture 1 % for 15 min. Treat rhizome with bio inoculant Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma harzianum followed by soil application 60 days after planting to reduce rhizome rot. Once the diseases are spotted in the field, take away the affected clumps and drench the soil with Bordeaux mixture 1 % at 15 days interval. Diseased plants must be identified while the crops are in the field. Rhizomes from such plants must not be selected for seed purposes. Mechanical collection and destruction of grubs, larvae, weevils and adult beetle periodically will decrease the incidence of insect pests. If white grub is predominant, apply nimbicidine.